''Underground'' is the seventh studio album that

Thelonious Monk Thelonious Sphere Monk (, October 10, 1917 – February 17, 1982) was an American jazz pianist and composer. He had a unique improvisational style and made numerous contributions to the standard jazz repertoire, including " 'Round Midnight", "B ...

recorded for Columbia Records. It features Monk on piano,

Larry Gales Lawrence Bernard Gales (March 25, 1936 – September 12, 1995) was an American jazz double-bassist. Life Gales began playing bass at age 11, and attended the Manhattan School of Music in the late 1950s. In that decade and the beginning of th ...

on bass,

Charlie Rouse Charlie Rouse (April 6, 1924 – November 30, 1988) was an American hard bop tenor saxophonist and flautist. His career is marked by his collaboration with Thelonious Monk, which lasted for more than ten years. Biography Rouse was born in Wash ...

on tenor sax, and

Ben Riley Benjamin Alexander Riley Jr. (July 17, 1933 – November 18, 2017) was an American jazz drummer known for his work with Thelonious Monk, as well as Alice Coltrane, Stan Getz, Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis, Ahmad Jamal, and as a member of the group Sp ...

on drums. This is the last Monk album featuring the

Thelonious Monk Quartet Thelonious Sphere Monk (, October 10, 1917 – February 17, 1982) was an American jazz pianist and composer. He had a unique improvisational style and made numerous contributions to the standard jazz repertoire, including " 'Round Midnight", " ...

. Its cover image depicts Monk as a French Resistance fighter in the Second World War, an homage to longtime

patroness Patronage is the support, encouragement, privilege, or financial aid that an organization or individual bestows on another. In the history of art, arts patronage refers to the support that kings, popes, and the wealthy have provided to artists su ...

and friend

Pannonica de Koenigswarter Baroness Kathleen Annie Pannonica de Koenigswarter (''née'' Rothschild; 10 December 1913 – 30 November 1988) was a British-born jazz patron and writer. A leading patron of bebop, she was a member of the Rothschild family. Personal life Kath ...

, who had served in the resistance, and whose likeness also appears on the cover. It won the

Grammy Award for Best Album Cover The Grammy Award for Best Recording Package is one of a series of Grammy Awards presented for the visual look of an album. It is presented to the art director of the winning album, not to the performer(s), unless the performer is also the art dire ...

Music

"Green Chimneys" is named after the school attended by Monk's daughter. For "

In Walked Bud "In Walked Bud" is a 1947 jazz composition by Thelonious Monk. It was composed by Monk in honor of his friend, fellow pianist Bud Powell, and based in part on the Irving Berlin standard " Blue Skies". Monk recorded many renditions of "In Walked B ...

Jon Hendricks John Carl Hendricks (September 16, 1921 – November 22, 2017), known professionally as Jon Hendricks, was an American jazz lyricist and singer. He is one of the originators of vocalese, which adds lyrics to existing instrumental songs and rep ...

added lyrics.

Track listing

All songs composed by Thelonious Monk unless otherwise noted.

Original LP

Side One # "

Thelonious Thelonious is a given name. Notable people with the name include: * Fred Thelonious Baker (born 1960) English guitarist * Thelonious Bernard (born 1964) French actor * Thelonious Martin (born 1992) or King Thelonious, American Hip Hop record prod ...

" - 3:14 # "

Ugly Beauty ''Ugly Beauty'' is the fourteenth studio album by Taiwanese singer Jolin Tsai. It was released on December 26, 2018, by Sony and Eternal. It was produced by Tsai with Razor Chiang, Starr Chen, Howe Chen, and Øzi. Musically, it is a pop record w ...

" - 7:20 # " Raise Four" - 4:36 # " Boo Boo's Birthday" - 5:56 Side Two # " Easy Street" (A.R. Jones) - 5:52 # "

Green Chimneys ''Green Chimneys'' is an album by pianist Kenny Barron which was recorded in Holland in 1983 and first released on the Dutch Criss Cross Jazz label. The 1988 CD reissue included six bonus tracks.Fitzgerald, MKenny Barron Discography accessed Janu ...

" - 9:00 # "

" - 4:17

CD re-issue

# "Thelonious" – 3:13 # "Ugly Beauty" – 3:17 # "Raise Four" – 5:47 # "Boo Boo's Birthday" – 5:56 # "Easy Street" (Alan Rankin Jones) – 5:53 # "Green Chimneys" – 9:00 # "

" (

, Monk) – 4:17

Special Edition

# "Thelonious" – 3:16 # "Ugly Beauty" – 10:45 # "Raise Four" – 7:00 # "Boo Boo's Birthday (Take 11)" – 5:55 # "Easy Street" – 7:50 # "Green Chimneys" – 13:09 # "In Walked Bud" – 6:48 # "Ugly Beauty (Take 4)" – 7:37 # "Boo Boo's Birthday (Take 2)" – 5:34 # "Thelonious (Take 3)" – 3:10

Personnel

Musicians

– piano *

– tenor saxophone *

– bass *

– drums *

– vocals on "In Walked Bud"

Production

Teo Macero Attilio Joseph "Teo" Macero (October 30, 1925 – February 19, 2008) was an American jazz saxophonist, composer, and record producer. He was a producer at Columbia Records for twenty years. Macero produced Miles Davis' '' Bitches Brew'', and ...

– production * Tim Geelan – engineering * Horn Grinner Studios – photography * John Berg, Richard Mantel – art direction

References

{{Authority control Columbia Records albums Thelonious Monk albums 1968 albums